National Parks of Azerbaijan: Nature’s Treasures Await

Azerbaijan, located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia between the Caspian and Black Seas, is renowned not only for its rich culture and history but also for its diverse and breathtaking nature. The national parks of Azerbaijan are true gems of ecotourism, offering travelers the chance to experience unique biodiversity and stunning landscapes.

All national parks in Azerbaijan are managed by the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The country’s first national park, Zangazur National Park, was established in 2003.

These protected natural areas were created to preserve ecosystems, rare species of flora and fauna, and to promote eco-tourism, scientific research, and environmental education.

Located in the southern part of Azerbaijan, Zangazur National Park is one of the country’s richest areas in terms of biodiversity. It is a sanctuary for rare and endangered species such as the Persian leopard, bezoar goat, Caucasian muflon, white-tailed eagle, and golden eagle. The park is home to 58 species of animals, 39 of which are listed in Azerbaijan’s Red Book. Its mountainous terrain, alpine meadows, and crystal-clear springs make it an ideal destination for eco-tourism, wildlife photography, and nature exploration.

Situated in the southern lowlands, Shirvan National Park captivates visitors with its semi-desert landscapes, wetlands, and a large lake that attracts numerous bird species. It's a premier birdwatching destination in Azerbaijan, home to the great bustard, flamingos, swans, and the rare Turanian quail. Goitered gazelles roam freely across the plains year-round. The park’s unique combination of steppe and wetland ecosystems makes it a model for biodiversity conservation.

Agh-Gol, or "White Lake," is located in the Kura-Araz lowland and is a true paradise for ornithologists. Over 140 species of birds—including spoonbills, bustards, partridges, and swans—nest and winter here. The park’s ecosystem comprises protected wetlands, reed beds, and lakes that provide vital habitat for migratory and aquatic birds. Recognized under the Ramsar Convention, Agh-Gol is a wetland of international importance.

Hirkan National Park, located in the Talysh Mountains and the Lankaran region, is a verdant forest ecosystem that has remained intact since the Tertiary period. Home to over 150 species of trees and shrubs, including unique relics such as the ironwood tree, Hirkan boxwood, and chestnut-leaved oak, this park is a living botanical museum. It also shelters rare species like the Persian leopard and Talysh pheasant. Hirkan is perfect for eco-tourism, hiking, and botanical excursions.

Located just a few hours from Baku, Altyaghach National Park enchants with its dense broadleaf forests and mountainous scenery. Forests cover 90.5% of the park’s territory, dominated by ironwood, hornbeam, beech, and birch trees. The park is home to the East Caucasian tur, an endemic species, along with deer, foxes, lynxes, and bears. It’s an excellent destination for tranquil getaways, hiking, and wildlife watching.

Located on the Absheron Peninsula, this national park offers a unique mix of dry steppes and Caspian coastal habitats. It is home to Caspian seals—the only marine mammals in the region—as well as gazelles, jackals, and numerous migratory birds. Visitors can explore sand dunes, salt marshes, and diverse coastal flora. Designated eco-trails, observation points, and guided tours enhance the visitor experience.

Shahdag National Park is the largest in Azerbaijan and the entire Caucasus region. It stretches across the majestic Greater Caucasus Mountains, sharing its borders with Russia and Georgia. With dramatic gorges, glaciers, alpine meadows, and high-altitude lakes, Shahdag offers spectacular landscapes. It’s both a hub of eco-tourism and a major ski resort with developed infrastructure, making it ideal for trekking, climbing, skiing, and nature photography.

Centered around the stunning Lake Goygol, this national park is a crown jewel of the Lesser Caucasus. Its pristine forests, crystal-clear waters, and over 420 species of plants create a captivating natural setting. Wildlife includes brown bears, roe deer, lynxes, Caucasian red deer, and more than 100 bird species. Lake Goygol and the surrounding mountains are popular for hiking, photography, and outdoor relaxation.

The youngest national park in Azerbaijan, Samur-Yalama covers the Caspian coastline and lush northern forests. It shelters rare animals such as the eastern imperial eagle, lynx, reed cat, and Caspian red deer. The coastal waters are rich in fish species like sturgeon, trout, pikeperch, and eel. Its diverse landscapes make the park ideal for eco-tourism, fishing, and peaceful nature retreats.

This wetland paradise is located in the Kura River delta along the Caspian Sea. Gizilaghaj National Park is renowned for its unique aquatic and marsh ecosystems and is a critical stopover for migratory birds. Visitors can spot pelicans, flamingos, cranes, and other rare waterfowl. The park plays a vital role in the conservation of Azerbaijan’s biodiversity and is included in the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.

The combined area of Azerbaijan’s 10 national parks surpasses 310,000 hectares, accounting for over 3.6% of the country’s total land. These protected areas are crucial for sustainable tourism development, environmental preservation, and scientific research. Azerbaijan’s national parks are ideal for eco-tourism, family getaways, wildlife photography, and biodiversity exploration.

A journey through Azerbaijan’s national parks is a chance to discover untouched nature, rare wildlife, and awe-inspiring landscapes. Step into a realm where natural beauty intertwines with cultural heritage, and preserving the environment stands as a national commitment. With government support, Azerbaijan’s natural treasures are becoming more accessible to tourists while being preserved for future generations.

Unique natural landscapes: from deserts to mountains and coastal forests

Rich biodiversity, including rare and endangered species

Opportunities for eco-tourism and outdoor adventures

Visitor-friendly with safe and accessible trails

Supporting environmental conservation and awareness

When planning your trip to Azerbaijan, be sure to include one or more national parks in your itinerary. It’s a perfect way to experience the natural beauty and ecological richness of the country.